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We introduce ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction (ULEED) inbackscattering for the study of structural dynamics at surfaces. Using atip-based source of ultrashort electron pulses, we investigate theoptically-driven transition between charge-density wave phases at the surfaceof 1T-TaS2. The large transfer width of the instrument allows us to employspot-profile analysis, resolving the phase-ordering kinetics in the nascentincommensurate charge-density wave phase. We observe a coarsening that followsa power-law scaling of the correlation length, driven by the annihilation ofdislocation-type topological defects of the charge-ordered lattice. Our workopens up the study of a wide class of structural transitions and orderingphenomena at surfaces and in low-dimensional systems.

Phase-ordering of charge density waves traced by ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction