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A central question in the high temperature cuprate superconductors is thefate of the parent Mott insulator upon charge doping. Here we use scanningtunneling microscopy to investigate the local electronic structure of lightlydoped cuprate in the antiferromagnetic insulating regime. We show that thedoped charge induces a spectral weight transfer from the high energy Hubbardbands to the low energy in-gap states. With increasing doping, a V-shapeddensity of state suppression occurs at the Fermi level, which is accompanied bythe emergence of checkerboard charge order. The new STM perspective revealedhere is the cuprates first become a charge ordered insulator upon doping.Subsequently, with further doping, Fermi surface and high temperaturesuperconductivity grow out of it.

Visualizing the evolution from the Mott insulator to a charge ordered insulator in lightly doped cuprates