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How the cells break symmetry and organize their edge activity to movedirectionally is a fun- damental question in cell biology. Physical models ofcell motility commonly rely on gradients of regulatory factors and/or feedbackfrom the motion itself to describe polarization of edge activity. Thesesapproaches, however, fail to explain cell behavior prior to the onset ofpolarization. Our analysis using the model system of polarizing and moving fishepidermal keratocytes suggests a novel and simple principle ofself-organization of cell activity in which local cell-edge dynamics depends onthe distance from the cell center, but not on the orientation with respect tothe front-back axis. We validate this principle with a stochastic model thatfaithfully reproduces a range of cell-migration behaviors. Our findingsindicate that spontaneous polarization, persistent motion, and cell shape areemergent properties of the local cell-edge dynamics controlled by the distancefrom the cell center.

A minimal model for spontaneous cell polarization and edge activity in oscillating, rotating and migrating cells