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Magnetic reconnection is one of the most important processes inastrophysical, space and laboratory plasmas. Identifying the structure aroundthe point at which the magnetic field lines break and subsequently reform,known as the magnetic null point, is crucial to improving our understandingreconnection. But owing to the inherently three-dimensional nature of thisprocess, magnetic nulls are only detectable through measurements obtainedsimultaneously from at least four points in space. Using data collected by thefour spacecraft of the Cluster constellation as they traversed a diffusionregion in the Earth's magnetotail on 15 September, 2001, we report here thefirst in situ evidence for the structure of an isolated magnetic null. Theresults indicate that it has a positive-spiral structure whose spatial extentis of the same order as the local ion inertial length scale, suggesting thatthe Hall effect could play an important role in 3D reconnection dynamics.

In situ evidence for the structure of the magnetic null in a 3D reconnection event in the Earth's magnetotail