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The spin Hall effect (SHE) converts charge current to pure spin currents inorthogonal directions in materials that have significant spin-orbitcoupling.The efficiency of the conversion is described by the spin Hall Angle(SHA). The SHA can most readily be inferred by using the generated spincurrents to excite or rotate the magnetization of ferromagnetic films ornano-elements via spin-transfer torques.Some of the largest spin torque derivedspin Hall angles (ST-SHA) have been reported in platinum. Here we show, usingspin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements, that thetransparency of the Pt-ferromagnet interface to the spin current plays acentral role in determining the magnitude of the ST-SHA. We measure a muchlarger ST-SHA in Pt/cobalt (~0.11) compared to Pt/permalloy (~0.05) bilayerswhen the interfaces are assumed to be completely transparent. Taking intoaccount the transparency of these interfaces, as derived from spin-mixingconductances, we find that the intrinsic SHA in platinum has a much highervalue of 0.19 +- 0.04 as compared to the ST-SHA. The importance of theinterface transparency is further exemplified by the insertion of atomicallythin magnetic layers at the Pt/permalloy interface that we show stronglymodulates the magnitude of the ST-SHA.

Role of transparency of platinum-ferromagnet interface in determining intrinsic magnitude of spin Hall effect