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Emulation of gauge fields for ultracold atoms provides access to a class ofexotic states arising in strong magnetic fields. Here we report on theexperimental realisation of tunable staggered gauge fields in a periodicallydriven triangular lattice. For maximal staggered magnetic fluxes, the doublydegenerate superfluid ground state breaks both a discrete Z2 (Ising) symmetryand a continuous U(1) symmetry. By measuring an Ising order parameter, weobserve a thermally driven phase transition from an ordered antiferromagneticto an unordered paramagnetic state and textbook-like magnetisation curves. Boththe experimental and theoretical analysis of the coherence properties of theultracold gas demonstrate the strong influence of the Z2 symmetry onto thecondensed phase.

Engineering Ising-XY spin models in a triangular lattice via tunable artificial gauge fields