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Arguably the most intriguing aspect of the physics of cuprates is the closeproximity between the record high-Tc superconductivity (HTSC) and theantiferromagnetic charge-transfer insulating state driven by Mott-like electroncorrelations. These are responsible for the intimate connection between highand low-energy scale physics, and their key role in the mechanism of HTSC wasconjectured very early on. More recently, the detection of quantum oscillationsin high-magnetic field experiments on YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) has suggested theexistence of a Fermi surface of well-defined quasiparticles in underdopedcuprates, lending support to the alternative proposal that HTSC might emergefrom a Fermi liquid across the whole cuprate phase diagram. Discriminatingbetween these orthogonal scenarios hinges on the quantitative determination ofthe elusive quasiparticle weight Z, over a wide range of hole-doping p. Bymeans of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on in situ dopedYBCO, and following the evolution of bilayer band-splitting, we show that theoverdoped metal electronic structure (0.25<p<0.37) is in remarkable agreementwith density functional theory and the Z=2p/(p+1) mean-field prediction. Belowp~0.10-0.15, we observe the vanishing of the nodal quasiparticle weight Z_N;this marks a clear departure from Fermi liquid behaviour and -- consistent withdynamical mean-field theory -- is even a more rapid crossover to the Mottphysics than expected for the doped resonating valence bond (RVB) spin liquid.

Loss of nodal quasiparticle integrity in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x