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The high-precision interferometric measurement of an unknown phase is thebasis for metrology in many areas of science and technology. Quantumentanglement provides an increase in sensitivity, but present techniques haveonly surpassed the limits of classical interferometry for the measurement ofsmall variations about a known phase. Here we introduce a technique thatcombines entangled states with an adaptive algorithm to precisely estimate acompletely unspecified phase, obtaining more information per photon that ispossible classically. We use the technique to make the first ab initioentanglement-enhanced optical phase measurement. This approach will enablerapid, precise determination of unknown phase shifts using interferometry.

Entanglement-enhanced measurement of a completely unknown phase