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Magnetic thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) havelocalized excitations that correspond to reversed dynamically precessingmagnetic moments, known as magnetic droplet solitons. Fundamentally, theseexcitations are associated with an attractive interaction between elementaryspin-excitations (i.e., magnons) and were predicted to occur in PMA materialsin the absence of damping [1,2]. While damping, present in all magneticmaterials, suppresses these excitations, it is now possible to compensatedamping by spin transfer torques through electrical current flow in nanometerscale contacts to ferromagnetic thin films [3,4]. A theory predicts theappearance of magnetic droplet solitons at a threshold current in nanocontacts[5] and, recently, experimental signatures of droplet nucleation have beenreported [6]. However, thus far, they have been observed to be nearlyreversible excitations, with only partially reversed magnetization and to besubject to instabilities that cause them to drift away from the nanocontacts(i.e., drift instabilities) [6]. Here we show that magnetic droplet solitonscan be stabilized in a spin transfer nanocontact. Further, they exhibit astrong hysteretic response to fields and currents and a nearly fully reversedmagnetization in the contact. These observations, in addition to theirfundamental interest, open up new applications for magnetic droplet solitons asmulti-state high frequency current and field tunable oscillators.

Stable Magnetic Droplet Solitons in Spin Transfer Nanocontacts