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The interplay among charge, spin and lattice degrees of freedom in solidsgives rise to intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomena such as colossalmagnetoresistance, multiferroicity and high-temperature superconductivity.Strong coupling or competition between various orders in these systems presentsthe key to manipulate their functional properties by means of externalperturbations such as electric and magnetic fields or pressure. Ultrashort andintense optical pulses have emerged as an interesting tool to investigateelementary dynamics and control material properties by melting an existingorder. Here, we employ few-cycle multi-terahertz pulses to resonantly probe theevolution of the spin-density-wave (SDW) gap of the pnictide compound BaFe2As2following excitation with a femtosecond optical pulse. When starting in thelow-temperature ground state, optical excitation results in a melting of theSDW order, followed by ultrafast recovery. In contrast, the SDW gap is inducedwhen we excite the normal state above the transition temperature. Verysurprisingly, the transient ordering quasi-adiabatically follows a coherentlattice oscillation at a frequency as high as 5.5 THz. Our results attest to apronounced spin-phonon coupling in pnictides that supports rapid development ofa macroscopic order on small vibrational displacement even without breaking thesymmetry of the crystal.

Ultrafast transient generation of spin-densitywave order in the normal state of BaFe2As2 driven by coherent lattice vibrations