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Ocean islands, seamounts and volcanic ridges are thought to\udform above mantle plumes.Yet, this mechanism cannot explain\udmany volcanic features on the Pacific Ocean floor1 and some\udmight instead be caused by cracks in the oceanic crust linked to\udthe reorganization of plate motions1–3. A distinctive bend in the\udHawaiian–Emperor volcanic chain has been linked to changes\udin the direction of motion of the Pacific Plate4,5, movement of\udthe Hawaiian plume6–8, or a combination of both9. However,\udthese links are uncertain because there is no independent\udrecord that precisely dates tectonic events that aected the\udPacific Plate. Here we analyse the geochemical characteristics\udof lava samples collected from the Musicians Ridges, lines\udof volcanic seamounts formed close to the Hawaiian–Emperor\udbend. We find that the geochemical signature of these lavas\udis unlike typical ocean island basalts and instead resembles\udmid-ocean ridge basalts. We infer that the seamounts are\udunrelated to mantle plume activity and instead formed in an\udextensional setting, due to deformation of the Pacific Plate.\ud40Ar/39Ar dating reveals that the Musicians Ridges formed\udduring two time windows that bracket the time of formation\udof the Hawaiian–Emperor bend, 53–52 and 48–47 million years\udago.We conclude that the Hawaiian–Emperor bendwas formed\udby plate–mantle reorganization, potentially triggered by a\udseries of subduction events at the Pacific Plate margins.\u

Deformation-related volcanism in the Pacific Ocean linked to the Hawaiian–Emperor bend