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Identifying the superconducting (SC) gap structure of the iron-basedhigh-temperature superconductors (Fe-HTS's) remains a key issue for theunderstanding of superconductivity in these materials. In contrast to otherunconventional superconductors, in the Fe-HTS's both $d$-wave and extendeds-wave pairing symmetries are close in energy, with the latter believed to begenerally favored over the former. Probing the proximity between these verydifferent SC states and identifying experimental parameters that can tune them,are of central interest. Here we report high-pressure muon spin rotationexperiments on the temperature-dependent magnetic penetration depth (lambda) inthe optimally doped Fe-HTS Ba_0.65Rb_0.35Fe_2As_2. At ambient pressure thismaterial is known to be a nodeless s-wave superconductor. Upon pressure astrong decrease of (lambda) is observed, while the SC transition temperatureremains nearly constant. More importantly, the low-temperature behavior of(1/lambda^{2}) changes from exponential saturation at zero pressure to apower-law with increasing pressure, providing unambiguous evidence thathydrostatic pressure promotes nodal SC gaps. Comparison to microscopic modelsfavors a d-wave over a nodal s^{+-}-wave pairing as the origin of the nodes.Our results provide a new route of understanding the complex topology of the SCgap in Fe-HTS's.

Direct evidence for the emergence of a pressure induced nodal superconducting gap in the iron-based superconductor Ba_0.65Rb_0.35Fe_2As_2