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Imaging the structure of molecules in transient excited states remains achallenge due to the extreme requirements for spatial and temporal resolution.Ultrafast electron diffraction from aligned molecules (UEDAM) provides atomicresolution and allows for the retrieval of structural information without theneed to rely on theoretical models. Here we use UEDAM and femtosecond lasermass spectrometry (FLMS) to investigate the dynamics in carbon disulfide (CS2)following the interaction with an intense femtosecond laser pulse. We haveretrieved images of ground state and excited molecules with 0.03 {\AA}precision. We have observed that the degree of alignment reaches an upper limitat laser intensities below the ionization threshold, and found evidence ofstructural deformation, dissociation, and ionization at higher laserintensities.

Imaging of Alignment, Deformation and Dissociation of CS2 Molecules using Ultrafast Electron Diffraction