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Detailed knowledge of the phase diagram and the nature of the competingmagnetic and superconducting phases is imperative for an understanding of thephysics of iron-based superconductivity. Here, we show using thermodynamicprobes that the phase diagram of the first discovered, and highest Tc, 122-typematerial, Ba1-xKxFe2As2 is in fact much richer than previously reported. Insidethe usual stripe-type magnetic order with C2-symmetry, we find a small pocketof a tetragonal, C4-symmetric phase, which surprisingly reverts back to theC2-phase at or slightly below the superconducting transition. This re-entranceto a low-temperature orthorhombic state induced by superconductivity isdiscussed in terms of competition of the two magnetic phases withsuperconductivity and is illustrated by the measured changes in the electronicentropy of the system. Using our thermodynamic data, we make predictions abouthow the phase diagram of these competing orders will change under pressure.

Superconductivity-induced reentrance of orthorhombic distortion in Ba1-xKxFe2As2