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Novel table-top sources of extreme-ultraviolet light based on high-harmonicgeneration yield unique insight into the fundamental properties of molecules,nanomaterials, or correlated solids, and enable advanced applications inimaging or metrology. Extending high-harmonic generation to high repetitionrates portends great experimental benefits, yet efficient extreme-ultravioletconversion of correspondingly weak driving pulses is challenging. Here, wedemonstrate a highly efficient source of femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulsesat 50-kHz repetition rate, utilizing the ultraviolet second-harmonic focusedtightly into Kr gas. In this cascaded scheme, a photon flux beyond ~3e13 persecond is generated at 22.3 eV, with 5e-5 conversion efficiency that surpassessimilar harmonics directly driven by the fundamental by two orders ofmagnitude. The enhancement arises from both wavelength scaling of the atomicdipole and improved spatio-temporal phase-matching, confirmed by simulations.Spectral isolation of a single 72-meV wide harmonic renders this bright, 50-kHzextreme-ultraviolet source a powerful tool for ultrafast photoemission,nanoscale imaging and other applications.

Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV