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Symmetry breaking phase transitions are an example of non-equilibriumprocesses that require real time treatment, a major challenge in stronglycoupled systems without long-lived quasiparticles. Holographic duality providessuch an approach by mapping strongly coupled field theories in D dimensionsinto weakly coupled quantum gravity in D+1 anti-de Sitter spacetime. Here, weuse holographic duality to study formation of topological defects -- windingnumbers -- in the course of a superconducting transition in a strongly coupledtheory in a 1D ring. When the system undergoes the transition on a given quenchtime, the condensate builds up with a delay that can be deduced using theKibble-Zurek mechanism from the quench time and the universality class of thetheory, as determined from the quasinormal mode spectrum of the dual model.Typical winding numbers deposited in the ring exhibit a universal fractionalpower law dependence on the quench time, also predicted by the Kibble-ZurekMechanism.

Universal far-from-equilibrium Dynamics of a Holographic Superconductor