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The parametric phase-locked oscillator (PPLO), also known as a parametron, isa resonant circuit in which one of the reactances is periodically modulated. Itcan detect, amplify, and store binary digital signals in the form of twodistinct phases of self-oscillation. Indeed, digital computers using PPLOsbased on a magnetic ferrite ring or a varactor diode as its fundamental logicelement were successfully operated in 1950s and 1960s. More recently, basic bitoperations have been demonstrated in an electromechanical resonator, and anIsing machine based on optical PPLOs has been proposed. Here, using a PPLOrealized with Josephson-junction circuitry, we demonstrate the demodulation ofa microwave signal digitally modulated by binary phase-shift keying. Moreover,we apply this demodulation capability to the dispersive readout of asuperconducting qubit. This readout scheme enables a fast and latching-typereadout, yet requires only a small number of readout photons in the resonatorto which the qubit is coupled, thus featuring the combined advantages ofseveral disparate schemes. We have achieved high-fidelity, single-shot, andnon-destructive qubit readout with Rabi-oscillation contrast exceeding 90%,limited primarily by the qubit's energy relaxation.

Josephson parametric phase-locked oscillator and its application to dispersive readout of superconducting qubits