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A major challenge in understanding the cuprate superconductors is to clarifythe nature of the fundamental electronic correlations that lead to thepseudogap phenomenon. Here we use ultrashort light pulses to prepare anon-thermal distribution of excitations and capture novel properties that arehidden at equilibrium. Using a broadband (0.5-2 eV) probe we are able to trackthe dynamics of the dielectric function, unveiling an anomalous decrease of thescattering rate of the charge carriers in a pseudogap-like region of thetemperature ($T$) and hole-doping ($p$) phase diagram. In this region,delimited by a well-defined $T^*_{neq}(p)$ line, the photo-excitation processtriggers the evolution of antinodal excitations from gapped (localized) todelocalized quasi-particles characterized by a longer lifetime. The novelconcept of photo-enhanced antinodal conductivity is naturally explained withinthe single-band Hubbard model, in which the short-range Coulomb repulsion leadsto a k-space differentiation between "nodal" quasiparticles and antinodalexcitations.

Photo-enhanced antinodal conductivity in the pseudogap state of high Tc cuprates