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The liver has a unique regenerative capability, which involves extensive remodelling of cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. Here we study the role of integrins in mouse liver regeneration using Cre/loxP-mediated gene deletion or intravenous delivery of beta 1-integrin siRNA formulated into nanoparticles that predominantly target hepatocytes. We show that although short-term loss of beta 1-integrin has no obvious consequences for normal livers, partial hepatectomy leads to severe liver necrosis and reduced hepatocyte proliferation. Mechanistically, loss of beta 1-integrin in hepatocytes impairs ligand-induced phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor receptors, thereby attenuating downstream receptor signalling in vitro and in vivo. These results identify a crucial role and novel mechanism of action of beta 1-integrins in liver regeneration and demonstrate that protein depletion by nanoparticle-based delivery of specific siRNA is a powerful strategy to study gene function in the regenerating liver

Knockdown and knockout of β1-integrin in hepatocytes impairs liver regeneration through inhibition of growth factor signalling