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A theory of superconductivity in the iron-based materials requires anunderstanding of the phase diagram of the normal state. In these compounds,superconductivity emerges when stripe spin density wave (SDW) order issuppressed by doping, pressure or atomic disorder. This magnetic order is oftenpre-empted by nematic order, whose origin is yet to be resolved. One scenariois that nematic order is driven by orbital ordering of the iron 3d-electronsthat triggers stripe SDW order. Another is that magnetic interactions produce aspin-nematic phase, which then induces orbital order. In this article, wereport the observation by neutron powder diffraction of an additional four-fold-symmetric phase in Ba1-xNaxFe2As2 close to the suppression of SDW order,which is consistent with the predictions of magnetically-driven models ofnematic order.

Magnetically-Driven Suppression of Nematic Order in an Iron-Based Superconductor