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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.-- et al.Light scattering at nanoparticles and molecules can be dramatically enhanced in the 'hot spots' of optical antennas, where the incident light is highly concentrated. Although this effect is widely applied in surface-enhanced optical sensing, spectroscopy and microscopy, the underlying electromagnetic mechanism of the signal enhancement is challenging to trace experimentally. Here we study elastically scattered light from an individual object located in the well-defined hot spot of single antennas, as a new approach to resolve the role of the antenna in the scattering process. We provide experimental evidence that the intensity elastically scattered off the object scales with the fourth power of the local field enhancement provided by the antenna, and that the underlying electromagnetic mechanism is identical to the one commonly accepted in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. We also measure the phase shift of the scattered light, which provides a novel and unambiguous fingerprint of surface-enhanced light scattering. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.This study was supported by the European FP7 project ‘Nanoantenna’ (FP7-HEALTH-F5-2009-241818-NANOANTENNA), the ERC Starting grant no. 258461 (TERATOMO), the National Projects MAT2009-08398 and FIS2010-19609-C02-C01 from the Spanish\udMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovacion and the Etortek-2011 project ‘nanoiker’ of the\udDepartment of Industry of the Basque Government. M.S. and L.A. acknowledges financial\udsupport from ‘Programa de Formación de Personal Investigador’ promoted by the Department of Education, Universities and Research of the Basque Government. A.G.-E. was supported by ‘Programa de perfeccionamiento de doctores y doctoras en el extranjero del Departamento de Educación, Universidades e Investigación del Gobierno Vasco’.Peer Reviewe

Resolving the electromagnetic mechanism of surface-enhanced light scattering at single hot spots