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Sulfate is a well-established sulfur source for fungi; however, in soils sulfonates and sulfate esters, especially choline sulfate, are often much more prominent. Here we show that  Saccharomyces cerevisiae YIL166C ( SOA1 ) encodes an inorganic sulfur (sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate) transporter that also catalyses sulfonate and choline sulfate uptake. Phylogenetic analysis of fungal  SOA1  orthologues and expression of 20 members in the  sul1Δ sul2Δ soa1Δ  strain, which is deficient in inorganic and organic sulfur compound uptake, reveals that these transporters have diverse substrate preferences for sulfur compounds. We further show that  SOA2 , a  S. cerevisiae SOA1  paralogue found in  S. uvarum ,  S. eubayanus  and  S. arboricola  is likely to be an evolutionary remnant of the uncharacterized open reading frames  YOL163W  and  YOL162W . Our work highlights the importance of sulfonates and choline sulfate as sulfur sources in the natural environment of  S. cerevisiae  and other fungi by identifying fungal transporters for these compounds.

Major sulfonate transporter Soa1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and considerable substrate diversity in its fungal family