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The study of photoexcited strongly correlated materials is attracting growinginterest since their rich phase diagram often translates into an equally richout-of-equilibrium behavior, including non-thermal phases and photoinducedphase transitions. With femtosecond optical pulses, electronic and latticedegrees of freedom can be transiently decoupled, giving the opportunity ofstabilizing new states of matter inaccessible by quasi-adiabatic pathways. Herewe present a study of the ultrafast non-equilibrium evolution of the prototypeMott-Hubbard material V2O3, which presents a transient non-thermal phasedeveloping immediately after photoexcitation and lasting few picoseconds. Forboth the insulating and the metallic phase, the formation of the transientconfiguration is triggered by the excitation of electrons into the bonding a1gorbital, and is then stabilized by a lattice distortion characterized by amarked hardening of the A1g coherent phonon. This configuration is in starkcontrast with the thermally accessible ones - the A1g phonon frequency actuallysoftens when heating the material. Our results show the importance of selectiveelectron-lattice interplay for the ultrafast control of material parameters,and are of particular relevance for the optical manipulation of stronglycorrelated systems, whose electronic and structural properties are oftenstrongly intertwinned.

Ultrafast evolution and transient phases of the prototype out-of-equilibrium Mott-Hubbard material V2O3