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Cooling and trapping of atoms by light has enabled one to build andmanipulate quantum systems at the single atom level. Such a bottom-up approachbecomes one of the fascinating challenges toward scalable and highlycontrollable quantum systems, e.g., a large-scale quantum information machine.Their implementation requires crucial pre-requisites: scalablity, sitedistinguishability, and reliable single-atom loading into sites. The widelyadopted methods satisfies the two former conditions relatively well, but thelast condition, filling single atoms onto individual sites, relies mostly onthe probabilistic loading, implying that loading a pre-defined set of atoms ingiven positions will be hampered exponentially. Two approaches are readilythinkable to overcome this issue: increasing the single-atom loading efficiencyand relocating abundant atoms into unfilled positions. Realizing the relocationis directly related to how many atoms can be transportable in a designer way.Here, we demonstrate a dynamic holographic single-atom tweezers withunprecedented degrees of freedom of 2N. In a proof-of-principle experimentconducted with cold rubidium atoms, simultaneous rearrangements of N=9 singleatoms are successfully performed. This method may be further applicable todeterministic N single-atom loading, coherent transport, and controlledcollisions.

In situ single-atom array synthesis by dynamic holographic optical tweezers