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Single photon detection is a requisite technique in quantum-opticsexperiments in both the optical and the microwave domains. However, the energyof microwave quanta are four to five orders of magnitude less than theiroptical counterpart, making the efficient detection of single microwave photonsextremely challenging. Here, we demonstrate the detection of a single microwavephoton propagating through a waveguide. The detector is implemented with an"impedance-matched" artificial $\Lambda$ system comprising the dressed statesof a driven superconducting qubit coupled to a microwave resonator. We attain asingle-photon detection efficiency of $0.66 \pm 0.06$ with a reset time of$\sim 400$~ns. This detector can be exploited for various applications inquantum sensing, quantum communication and quantum information processing.

Single microwave-photon detector using an artificial $\Lambda$-type three-level system