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A Weyl semimetal possesses spin-polarized band-crossings, called Weyl nodes,connected by topological surface arcs. The low-energy excitations near thecrossing points behave the same as massless Weyl fermions, leading to exoticproperties like chiral anomaly. To have the transport properties dominated byWeyl fermions, Weyl nodes need to locate nearly at the chemical potential andenclosed by pairs of individual Fermi surfaces with nonzero Fermi Chernnumbers. Combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy andfirst-principles calculation, here we show that TaP is a Weyl semimetal withonly single type of Weyl fermions, topologically distinguished from TaAs wheretwo types of Weyl fermions contribute to the low-energy physical properties.The simple Weyl fermions in TaP are not only of fundamental interests but alsoof great potential for future applications. Fermi arcs on the Ta-terminatedsurface are observed, which appear in a different pattern from that on theAs-termination in TaAs and NbAs.

Observation of Weyl nodes and Fermi arcs in TaP