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Effector CD8 +  T cells convert from IFN-γ +  (Tc1) to IL-13 +  (Tc2) cells in the presence of IL-4. Underlying regulatory mechanisms are not fully defined. Here, we show that addition of 1,25D3, the active form of vitamin D3, during CD8 +  T-cell differentiation prevents IL-4-induced conversion to IL-13-producers. Transfer of 1,25D3-treated CD8 +  T cells into sensitized and challenged CD8 + -deficient recipients fails to restore development of lung allergic responses. 1,25D3 alters vitamin D receptor (VDR) recruitment to the  Cyp11a1  promoter  in vitro  and  in vivo  in the presence of IL-4. As a result, protein levels and enzymatic activity of CYP11A1, a steroidogenic enzyme regulating CD8 +  T-cell conversion, are decreased. An epistatic effect between  CYP11A1  and  VDR  polymorphisms may contribute to the predisposition to childhood asthma. These data identify a role for 1,25D3 in the molecular programming of CD8 +  T-cell conversion to an IL-13-secreting phenotype through regulation of steroidogenesis, potentially governing asthma susceptibility.

1,25D3 prevents CD8+Tc2 skewing and asthma development through VDR binding changes to the Cyp11a1 promoter