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Boron is the fifth element in the periodic table and possesses rich chemistrysecond only to carbon. A striking feature of boron is that B12 icosahedralcages occur as the building blocks in bulk boron and many boron compounds. Thisis in contrast to its neighboring element, carbon, which prefers 2D layeredstructure (graphite) in its bulk form. On the other hand, boron clusters ofmedium size have been predicted to be planar or quasi-planar, such as B12+ ,B13+, B19-, B36, and so on. This is also in contrast to carbon clusters whichexhibit various cage structures (fullerenes). Therefore, boron and carbon canbe viewed as a set of complementary chemical systems in their bulk and clusterstructures. Now, with the boom of graphene, an intriguing question is thatwhether boron can also form a monoatomic-layer 2D sheet structure? Here, wereport the first successful experimental realization of 2D boron sheets. Wehave revealed two types of boron sheet structures, corresponding to atriangular boron lattice with different arrangements of the hexagonal holes.Moreover, our boron sheets were found to be relatively stable againstoxidization, and interacts only weekly with the substrate. The realization ofsuch a long expected 2D boron sheet could open a door toward boron electronics,in analogous to the carbon electronics based on graphene.

Experimental Realization of Two-Dimensional Boron Sheets