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Star-like objects with effective temperatures of less than 2,700 kelvin arereferred to as ultracool dwarfs. This heterogeneous group includes stars ofextremely low mass as well as brown dwarfs (substellar objects not massiveenough to sustain hydrogen fusion), and represents about 15 per cent of thepopulation of astronomical objects near the Sun. Core-accretion theory predictsthat, given the small masses of these ultracool dwarfs, and the small sizes oftheir protoplanetary disk, there should be a large but hitherto undetectedpopulation of terrestrial planets orbiting them - ranging from metal-richMercury-sized planets to more hospitable volatile-rich Earth-sized planets.Here we report observations of three short-period Earth-sized planetstransiting an ultracool dwarf star only 12 parsecs away. The inner two planetsreceive four times and two times the irradiation of Earth, respectively,placing them close to the inner edge of the habitable zone of the star. Ourdata suggest that 11 orbits remain possible for the third planet, the mostlikely resulting in irradiation significantly less than that received by Earth.The infrared brightness of the host star, combined with its Jupiter-like size,offers the possibility of thoroughly characterizing the components of thisnearby planetary system.

Temperate Earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star