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The final fate of massive stars depends on many factors, including mass,rotation rate, magnetic fields and metallicity. Theory suggests that somemassive stars (initially greater than 25-30 solar masses) end up as Wolf-Rayetstars which are deficient in hydrogen because of mass loss through strongstellar winds. The most massive of these stars have cores which may form ablack hole and theory predicts that the resulting explosion produces ejecta oflow kinetic energy, a faint optical display and a small mass fraction ofradioactive nickel(1,2,3). An alternative origin for low energy supernovae isthe collapse of the oxygen-neon core of a relatively lowmass star (7-9 solarmasses) through electron capture(4,5). However no weak, hydrogen deficient,core-collapse supernovae are known. Here we report that such faint, low energycore-collapse supernovae do exist, and show that SN2008ha is the faintesthydrogen poor supernova ever observed. We propose that other similar eventshave been observed but they have been misclassified as peculiar thermonuclearsupernovae (sometimes labelled SN2002cx-like events(6)). This discovery couldlink these faint supernovae to some long duration gamma-ray bursts. Extremelyfaint, hydrogen-stripped core-collapse supernovae have been proposed to producethose long gamma-ray bursts whose afterglows do not show evidence ofassociation with supernovae (7,8,9).

A low energy core-collapse supernova without a hydrogen envelope