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The host galaxy of the quasar SDSS J114816.64+525150.3 (at redshift z=6.42,when the Universe was <1 billion years old) has an infrared luminosity of2.2x10^13 L_sun, presumably significantly powered by a massive burst of starformation. In local examples of extremely luminous galaxies such as Arp220, theburst of star formation is concentrated in the relatively small central regionof <100pc radius. It is unknown on which scales stars are forming in activegalaxies in the early Universe, which are likely undergoing their initial burstof star formation. We do know that at some early point structures comparable tothe spheroidal bulge of the Milky Way must have formed. Here we report aspatially resolved image of [CII] emission of the host galaxy ofJ114816.64+525150.3 that demonstrates that its star forming gas is distributedover a radius of ~750pc around the centre. The surface density of the starformation rate averaged over this region is ~1000 M_sun/yr/kpc^2. This surfacedensity is comparable to the peak in Arp220, though ~2 orders of magnitudeslarger in area. This vigorous star forming event will likely give rise to amassive spheroidal component in this system.

A Kiloparsec-Scale Hyper-Starburst in a Quasar Host Less than 1 Gigayear after the Big Bang