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The Earth's lower mantle is believed to be composed mainly of (Mg,Fe)SiO3perovskite, with lesser amounts of (Mg,Fe)O and CaSiO3). But it has not beenpossible to explain many unusual properties of the lowermost 150 km of themantle (the D" layer) with this mineralogy. Here, using ab initio simulationsand high-pressure experiments, we show that at pressures and temperatures ofthe D" layer, MgSiO3 transforms from perovskite into a layered CaIrO3-typepost-perovskite phase. The elastic properties of the post-perovskite phase andits stability field explain several observed puzzling properties of the D"layer: its seismic anisotropy, the strongly undulating shear-wave discontinuityat its top and possibly the anticorrelation between shear and bulk soundvelocities.

Theoretical and experimental evidence for a post-perovskite phase of MgSiO3 in Earth's D" layer