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Lensless imaging is an elegant approach to high-resolution microscopy, whichis rapidly gaining popularity in applications where imaging optics areproblematic. However, current lensless imaging methods require objects to beplaced within a well-defined support structure, while the light source needs tohave a narrow, stable, and accurately known spectrum. Here we introduce ageneral approach to lensless imaging without spectral bandwidth limitations orsample requirements. We use two time-delayed coherent light pulses, and showthat scanning the pulse-to-pulse time delay allows the reconstruction ofdiffraction-limited images for all spectral components in the pulse. Moreover,an iterative phase retrieval algorithm is introduced, which uses thesespectrally resolved Fresnel diffraction patterns to obtain high-resolutionimages of complex extended objects without any support requirements. Wedemonstrate this two-pulse imaging method with octave-spanning visible lightsources (in both transmission and reflection geometries), and with broadbandextreme-ultraviolet radiation from a high-harmonic source. This demonstratesthat our approach enables effective use of low-flux ultra-broadband sources,such as table-top soft-X-ray systems, for high-resolution imaging.

Ultra-broadband extreme-ultraviolet lensless imaging of extended complex structures