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microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of gene expression. In Arabidopsis, mature miRNAs are processed from primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) by nuclear HYL1/SE/DCL1 complexes that form Dicing bodies (D-bodies). Here we report that an RNA-binding protein MOS2 binds to pri-miRNAs and is involved in efficient processing of pri-miRNAs. MOS2 does not interact with HYL1, SE, and DCL1 and is not localized in D-bodies. Interestingly, in the absence of MOS2, the recruitment of pri-miRNAs by HYL1 is greatly reduced and the localization of HYL1 in D-bodies is compromised. These data suggest that MOS2 promotes pri-miRNA processing through facilitating the recruitment of pri-miRNAs by the Dicing complexes.

A role for the RNA-binding protein MOS2 in microRNA maturation in Arabidopsis