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HUMAN CANC(ERS differ widely in response to chemotherapeutic agents. This is the case for different tumours within one histological group as well as for different tumour types. Thus, rapidly growing acute leukaemias and lymphomas generally respond better to cytostatic agents than more slowly growing tumours, such as squamous cell and adenocarcinomas (Zubrod, 1978; Malaise et al., 1973). The observed differences in chemosensitivity have, to a large extent, been attributed to the concurrent differences in growth rates. Here we present the unexpected finding that in human melanomas growing s.c. in athymic nuide mice, the response to DTIC (Dacarbazine, NSC-45388), CCNU (Lomustine, NSC-79037) and procarbazine (NSC7721.3) was in fact inversely related to the growth rate of the xenografts. In a recent study of 6 human melanomas, serially transplanted into nude mice (BALB/c background) the early growth rate measured in the range 30-60 mm3 was found to be a characteristic and constant property of the xenografts (Fodstad et al., 1 980a). The growth rates of the individual tumours varied by more than 3-fold. This opened the possibility of studying the relationship between the growth rate of the xenografts and their chemosensitivity. We report here on the effect of DTIC, CCNU and procarbazine, 3 of the most effective drugs in the treatment of human melanomas (Luce, 1972; Comis, 1976). Accepted 7 Januiiary 1980

An inverse relationship between the growth rate of human melanoma xenografts and their response to some cytostatic drugs