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A MAJOR pathway of steroid metabolism in rat mammary carcinomas is the reduction of testosterone to 5a dihydrotestosterone and 5a androstanediol (King, Gordon and Helfenstein, 1964; Miller, Forrest and Hamilton, 1974). In vitro addition of oestradiol 17/? to incubations of hormone-dependent rat mammary carcinomas is associated with an inhibition of 5a reduction of testosterone (Miller, 1976a). The aim of the present study was to determine if in vivo hormone manipulation was associated with similar changes. A single i.v. injection of 5 mg 7-12dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) was given to 24 randomly bred female Sprague Dawley rats at 50 days of age. The size of the tumours which were induced was monitored twice weekly by measuring with calipers 2 diameters at right angles. When the tumours were 2 x 2 cm in size, animals were allocated to one of 3 groups. Those in Group I were killed without further treatment, those in Group II were oophorectomized and killed 14 days later and those in Group III were oophorectomized but 14 days later received daily s.c. injections of 1 jug oestradiol in corn oil for a further 14 days, when they were killed. In all animals, oophorectomy led to regression oftumours; all those subsequently given oestradiol showed regrowth. Tumours were harvested at death and treated at 0°C. Each was finely sliced in Krebs Ringer phosphate buffer pH 7-4 (10 ml/g tumour) and an NADPHgenerating system (200 ,umol glucose-6Accepted 25 May 1976

Hormonal status and testosterone metabolism of DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinomas