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PITUITARY tumours may arise spontaneously as certain strains of female rat become old, or they may be induced in rodents by a variety of experimental methods, chiefly involving hormonal imbalance. Less is known, however, of the factors which control the magnitude of cell division and growth in the pituitary, for mitotic figures are rare and conventionally the normal gland is regarded as a stable population of cells. A more accurate assessment of normal pituitary cell growth dynamics is obtained if tritiated (3H) thymidine is used to localize by autoradiography nuclei in the DNA synthetic (S) phase of the nuclear cycle. A previous study with this technique showed that age and sex were important variables influencing 3H-thymidine labelling of the rat anterior pituitary, but these results were complicated by the fact that they were obtained from animals with various forms of experimental hypertension (Crane, Dutta and Ingle, 1965). Accordingly the experiments reported here were designed to study the influence of age, sex, the ovary and oestrus cycle, and the adrenal on the numbers of DNAsynthesizing nuclei in the rat pituitary, and to define more precisely the relationship of these factors to pituitary tumour induction.

Effect of age, sex, and hormonal state on tritiated thymidine uptake by rat pituitary.