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THIS investigation was undertaken as an attempt to answer the question "How important are common domestic environmental factors in the aetiology of cancers?" There is a large literature devoted to studies of cancer in families. In these studies the influence of genetic and environmental factors are usually almost inextricably interwoven. (An exception to this generality is the study of cancer occurring in twins separated at birth, but, even here, we have a common ante-natal environment which is of at least theoretical importance.) As we cannot conveniently remove environmental factors in studies of family or household cancer, one must consider how genetic factors might be eliminated, leaving only those of environment. By genetic factors here we refer to inherited factors shared by members of the same family rather than to genetic factors common to a community. This means that we have to study the occurrence of cancer in members of the same households who are not blood relatives. Material for such a study would be found by examining the causes of death of husbands and their wives. This is the approach used in the present investigation.

The Occurrence of Cancer in Husbands and Wives