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THE object of this communication is (1) to bring up to date our collection of analyses of arsenic in cigarettes, of which two previous instalments have been published (Daff and Kennaway, 1950; Daff, Doll and Kennaway, 1951). The series now comprises 39 brands of cigarettes from 18 countries. (2) To draw attention to some considerable changes which have taken place in recent years. (3) To record some data upon the partition of arsenic between the stump and ash which were not included in the earlier papers. The two earlier papers reported analyses of cigarettes obtained during 1948-51 from England, Canada, U.S.A., Norway, France, Rhodesia, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, Austria, Greece and Bulgaria, and the results showed as one passes eastwards in Europe a fairly uniform decrease in the arsenic (As203) content of a cigarette from as much as 100 jig. to 1 ,ig. or none. There was a gradation from the arsenic-rich American type of tobacco in Western Europe to the arsenic-poor Turkish type in the East, which accords with Hutson's (1937) valuable account of tobacco culture and commerce in Europe. This was almost certainly due to the admixture of decreasing amounts of tobacco from the U.S.A. with increasing amounts of the locally-grown tobacco classed as "Turkish ". To these countries we have now added five (Finland, Denmark, Germany, Spain, Yugoslavia) from which cigarettes were obtained during 1954-56. The very small amounts in those from Central and Eastern Europe (Germany, Yugoslavia) would be expected; two Scandanavian specimens (Denmark, Finland) differ from the earlier one from Norway in giving very low figures. But in view of the very great fall in the arsenic content of tobacco from the United States one cannot now infer that very low figures indicate that the tobacco was grown in Europe. The most expensive of the two brands from Spain show a high content of the old type. A popular brand of cigarettes (" Klubi ") bought in Helsinki are of about the same length (77 mm.) as an ordinary English cigarette, but of smaller diameter (6 mm. instead of 8 mm.) and consists of from 0-4 to 0.53 g. tobacco enwrapped in a paper which encloses also a cardboard tube about 40 mm. long weighing about 0.25 g. Cardboard is an abundant product of the wood pulp industry of Finland. Such cigarettes contain only from one-third to half as much tobacco as do those of the ordinary American or British brands. The arsenic content of the tobacco is low (5-3 ,ug./g). Another brand (Tyomies) popular in Helsinki is of the usual form, without a tube, but measures only 60 X 8 mm. and weighs about 0.85 g. Table I includes also (1) Danish Cigarillos, which are of especial interest because they are smoked by women, and (2) a brand of cigars which are among the smallest (weight 2 g., i.e. about twice that of a cigarette) obtainable in England.

Arsenic Content of Cigarettes