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THE presence of factors in the blood of leukaemic patients which influence white cell proliferation or maturation was first reported by Foster and Miller (1950). These workers observed changes in the lymph nodes of guinea-pigs following the inoculation of sera from a variety of leukaemic and allied diseases of the reticuloendothelial system. Similar substances had previously been isolated from the urine of leukaemic patients (Miller and Turner, 1943; Turner and Miller, 1943). The presence of myeloid stimulating substances in the urine of leukaemic patients was confirmed by Hirschmann, Heinle and Wearn, (1945). Oliva and Tramontana (1950) have reported the presence of similar factors in the plasma of leukaemic pateints. Temporary elevations in the white counts of normal persons were observed following the intravenous injection of leukaemic plasma. The present experiments were commenced with the aim of cultivating human leukaemic leucocytes in the brains of very young mice. It was noted that the inoculation of small volumes of blood from patients suffering from chronic lymphatic leukaemia resulted in an elevation of the lymphocyte/polymorph ratio in the circulating blood of these mice. This elevation was at first presumed to be due to the presence of circulating human lymphocytes. It was found, however, that a similar elevation of the lymphocyte count could be induced by inoculation of plasma from such patients. No elevation of either lymphocyte or polymorph levels was produced by the inoculation of plasma or whole blood from normal persons or persons suffering from other types of leukaemia.

A Lymphocytosis Stimulating Factor in the Plasma of Chronic Lymphatic Leukaemic Patients