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THE presence in tumour tissue of some substance, capable of depressing the liver catalase activity in mice has been established recently in a number of laboratories (Nakahara and Fukuoka, 1949, 1950; Adams, 1950a, 1951; Greenfield and Meister, 1951). It therefore seems reasonable to suppose that the action of a growing tumour on liver catalase is due to the release of this substance into the circulation. So far, however, little is known of the mechanism by which the catalase-depressing substance exerts its effect, or of any significance it may have so far as the tumour itself is concerned. In a preliminary report on the changes in mouse liver catalase level which occur after castration and adrenalectomy, it was tentatively suggested that tumour tissue might be acting by interference with hormonal stimulation of the liver (Adams, 1950b). Before this suggestion could be investigated, it was found necessary to examine in some detail the hormonal factors influencing liver catalase activity in the normal mouse. The results obtained may be briefly summarised as follows. There is a sex difference in normal catalase activity, males having the higher level. Castration of males reduces the catalase activity to slightly below the normal female level within 48 hours. Administration of testosterone to castrated males restores their normal catalase activity; when administered to normal females it elevates their catalase level to that of the male. Adrenalectomy in both sexes produces a fall in activity, restored to normal by cortisone (Adams, 1952). Adrenalectomy in rats also results in a depression of liver catalase activity, according to Begg and Reynolds (1950). The present paper describes some preliminary results which support the hypothesis that in an animal treated with tumour homogenates, the adrenal and testicular factors normally influencing liver catalase activity are prevented from operating. This failure appears to be due to the inability of the liver to respond to the hormonal stimuli.

Mouse Liver Catalase. The Antagonistic Effect of Tumour Tissue upon the Hormonal Control Mechanisms