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We review two types of inorganic nanomaterials—metal chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) and lead halide perovskites—that serve as prospective light harvesters in hybrid mesoscopic solar cells. Metal chalcogenide QDs are introduced in three parts: chalcogenides of cadmium (CdS, CdSe and CdTe), chalcogenides of lead (PbS and PbSe) and chalcogenides of antimony (Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3). The devices made using these chalcogenide QDs in a liquid-type electrolyte showed the best cell efficiencies, ranging from 3 to 6%. For solid-state QD-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs), the device performances were generally poor; only devices made of Sb2S3 and PbS QDs attained cell efficiencies approaching ~7%. In contrast, nanocrystalline lead halide perovskites have emerged since 2009 as potential photosensitizers in liquid-type sensitized TiO2 solar cells. In 2012, the efficiencies of the all-solid-state perovskite solar cells were enhanced to 9.7 and 10.9% using anodes of TiO2 and Al2O3 films, respectively, with 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) as a hole-transporting material. In 2013, the performance of a TiO2 solar cell sensitized with lead iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) was optimized further to attain an overall power conversion efficiency η=15%, which is a new milestone for solar cells of this type having a device structure similar to that of a dye-sensitized solar cell.

A perspective of mesoscopic solar cells based on metal chalcogenide quantum dots and organometal-halide perovskites