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Leakage of CO 2 from a primary disposal reservoir is presumed to occur along a fault or fracture zone, which has been modeled as a slab of porous and permeable material embedded in wall rocks of negligibly small permeability. Numerical simulations presented here include multiphase flow, boiling of liquid CO 2 , transitions between supercritical and subcritical conditions, phase partitioning between CO 2 and water, and nonisothermal effects. Depressurization of rising CO 2 is found to produce strong cooling. Conductive heat transfer from the impermeable wall rocks is an important aspect of system evolution. Pressure and temperature conditions are drawn towards the critical point of CO 2 and the CO 2 saturation line. The interplay between multiphase flow in the fracture zone and heat conduction perpendicular to it may produce nonmonotonic, quasi-periodic variations in thermodynamic conditions and CO 2 discharges across the land surface.

Numerical simulations show potential for strong nonisothermal effects during fluid leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir for CO2

Numerical simulations show potential for strong nonisothermal effects during fluid leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir for CO₂