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Zeta potentials of several polar protic (water, ethylene glycol, formamide)as well as polar aprotic (dimethyl sulfoxide) liquids were measured in contactwith three non-polar surfaces using closed-cell electro-osmosis. The testsurfaces were chemisorbed monolayers of alkyl siloxanes, fluoroalkyl siloxanesand polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) grafted on glass slides. All these liquidsexhibited substantial electrokinetics in contact with the non-polar surfaceswith these observations: the electrokinetic effect on the fluorocarbon-coatedsurface is the strongest; and on a PDMS grafted surface, the effect is theweakest. Even though these hygroscopic liquids contain small amounts of water,the current models of charging based on the adsorption of hydroxide ions at theinterface or the dissociation of preexisting functionalities (e.g., silanolgroups) appear to be insufficient to account for the various facets of theexperimental observations. The results illustrate how ubiquitous the phenomenonof electro-kinetics is with polar liquids contacting such apparently passivenon-polar surfaces. We hope that these results will inspire furtherexperimental and theoretical studies in this important area of research thathas potential practical implications.

Electrokinetics of Polar Liquids in Contact with Non-Polar Surfaces