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A theory is presented which allows us to accurately calculate the surfacetensions and the surface potentials of electrolyte solutions. Both the ionichydration and the polarizability are taken into account. We find a goodcorrelation between the Jones-Dole viscosity $B$-coefficient and the ionichydration near the air-water interface. The kosmotropic anions such asfluoride, iodate, sulfate and carbonate, are found to be strongly hydrated andare repelled from the interface. The chaotropic anions such as perchlorate,iodide, chlorate and bromide are found to be significantly adsorbed to theinterface. Chloride and bromate anions become weakly hydrated in theinterfacial region. The sequence of surface tensions and surface potentials isfound to follow the Hofmeister ordering. The theory, with only one adjustableparameter, quantitatively accounts for the surface tensions of 10 sodium saltsfor which there is experimental data.

Surface tensions, surface potentials and the Hofmeister series of electrolyte solutions