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Capacitive energy extraction based on Donnanpotential (CDP) and capacitive energy extraction based ondouble layer expansion (CDLE) are novel electroctrochemicalprocesses to convert the potential free energy of mixing seaand river water into electric work. This is done by the use ofsupercapacitor electrodes with and without ion exchangemembranes. Currently, these techniques rely on improvedmass transport in order to become more efficient and givehigher power output. In this paper we evaluate the transportphenomena by diffusion and the electrode geometry whenswitching between sea and river water at open circuit potential(OCP). By changing the electrode geometry from a flat plateto a cylindrical one, experiments and analytical models incombination show that mass transport by diffusion isincreased. This is demonstrated without any changes in the hydrodynamic conditions. Improving mass transport withoutchanging the hydrodynamic conditions breaks with what has been the convention in the scientific community of salinity gradientpower. Moreover, in sea water the transport phenomena appear to be controlled by diffusion, and the response time for buildingopen circuit potential in CDP and CDLE under this condition is reduced by a factor of 2 when using wire electrodes instead offlat plate electrodes. In river water, the trend is similar though the response time is generally larger

Faster Time Response by the Use of Wire Electrodes in Capacitive Salinity Gradient Energy Systems