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We report the high-pressure synthesis (6 GPa, 1200 $^{\circ}$C) and ambientpressure characterization of hexagonal HP-BaCoO$_3$. The material (with the 2Hcrystal structure) has a short intrachain Co-Co distance of about 2.07$\text{\r{A}}$. Our magnetization investigation revealed robust diamagneticbehavior below approximately 130 K when exposed to weak applied magnetic fields(10 Oe) and a distinct half-levitation phenomenon below that temperature, suchas is often observed for superconductors. Its field-dependent magnetizationprofile, however, unveils the characteristics of ferromagnetism, marked by asubstantial magnetic retentivity of 0.22(1) ${\mu}_B$/Co at a temperature of 2K. Electrical resistivity measurements indicate that HP-BaCoO$_3$ is aferromagnetic insulator, not a superconductor.

Impersonating a Superconductor: High-Pressure BaCoO$_3$, an Insulating Ferromagnet