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Ni(OH)2 nanocrystals grown on graphene sheets with various degrees ofoxidation are investigated as electrochemical pseudocapacitor materials forpotential energy storage applications. Single-crystalline Ni(OH)2 hexagonalnanoplates directly grown on lightly-oxidized, electrically-conducting graphenesheets (GS) exhibit a high specific capacitance of ~1335F/g at a charge anddischarge current density of 2.8A/g and ~953F/g at 45.7A/g with excellentcycling ability. The high specific capacitance and remarkable rate capabilityare promising for applications in supercapacitors with both high energy andpower densities. Simple physical mixture of pre-synthesized Ni(OH)2 nanoplatesand graphene sheets show lower specific capacitance, highlighting theimportance of direct growth of nanomaterials on graphene to impart intimateinteractions and efficient charge transport between the active nanomaterialsand the conducting graphene network. Single-crystalline Ni(OH)2 nanoplatesdirectly grown on graphene sheets also significantly outperform small Ni(OH)2nanoparticles grown on heavily-oxidized, electrically-insulating graphite oxide(GO), suggesting that the electrochemical performance of these composites aredependent on the quality of graphene substrates and the morphology andcrystallinity of the nanomaterials grown on top. These results suggest theimportance of rational design and synthesis of graphene-based nanocompositematerials for high-performance energy applications.

Ni(OH)2 Nanoplates Grown on Graphene as Advanced Electrochemical Pseudocapacitor Materials