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High level ab initio computations in vacuum and with the IEFPCM implicit solvent model are carried out on 5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran to investigate the effects of water on the exocyclic torsional surface. Rotamer populations evaluated from the omega(C-C-C-O), theta(C-C-C-O) solvent surface agree almost quantitatively with experimental values for the closely related methyl 4-deoxy-alpha-D-xylohexopyranoside. Potentials of mean force obtained from the two surfaces show substantial solvent stabilization of the TG (omega = 180 +/- 60 degrees) rotamer and the barriers at omega= 120 and 240 degrees but solvent destabilization at the cis barrier (omega = 0 degrees). Natural bond orbital analyses indicate that energetics of these effects are largely explained by overstabilization of the vacuum GT (omega= 60 +/- 60 degrees) and GG (omega = 300 +/- 60 degrees) rotamers. Solvent stabilization of theta conformations provides entropic stabilization.

Pathways and Populations: Stereoelectronic Insights into the Exocyclic Torsion of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran