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Modification of calcium carbonate particles with surfactant significantlyimproves the properties of the calcium carbonate coating on paper. Unmodifiedand CTAB and oleate-modified calcium carbonate nanoparticles were preparedusing the wet carbonation technique for paper coating. CTAB (cationicsurfactant) and sodium oleate (anionic surfactant) were used to modify thesize, morphology, and surface properties of the precipitated nanoparticles. Theobtained particles were characterized by XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, zetapotential measurements, TGA and TEM. Coating colors were formulated from theprepared unmodified and modified calcium carbonates and examined by creating athin coating layer on reference paper. The effect of calcium carbonate particlesize and surface modification on paper properties, such as coating thickness,coating weight, surface roughness, air permeability, brightness, whiteness,opacity, and hydrophobicity, were investigated and compared with GCC calciumcarbonate-coated papers. The obtained calcium carbonate nanoparticles are inthe calcite phase. The morphology of the prepared calcium carbonatenanoparticles is rhombohedral, and the average particle diameter is <100 nm.Compared to commercial GCC, the use of unmodified and CTAB- and oleate-modifiedcalcium carbonate nanoparticles in paper coating improves the properties ofpaper. The highest measured paper properties were observed for paper coatedwith oleate-modifed nanoparticles, where an increase in smoothness (decrease inpaper roughness) (+23%), brightness (+1.3%), whiteness (+2.8%), and opacity(+2.3%) and a decrease in air permeability (-26%) was obtained with 25% lesscoat weight. The WCA at 10 min was about 112{\deg} for the paper coated witholeate-modified nanoparticles and 42{\deg} for paper coated with CTAB-modifiednanoparticles compared to 104{\deg} for GCC-coated paper.

Effect of Cationic and Anionic Surfactants on the Application of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles in Paper Coating